Combined Toxic Effect of Cypermethrin and Chlorpyrifos on Carbohydrate Metabolism of Freshwater Carp Fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822)

Aquatic ecosystems are vulnerable to the detrimental effects of various agrochemicals, including synthetic pyrethroids and organophosphates. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos on a commonly found freshwater fish species Labeo rohita. The fish Labeo rohita was divided in to four groups, Group I treated as Controls, Group II treated with 1/10th of the LC50 of Cypermethrin (0.015 mg/kg bw), Group III treated with 1/10th of the LC50 of Chlorpyrifos (0.042 mg/kg bw) and Group IV treated with 1/20th of the LC50 of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in combination (i.e.,0.0075 mg/kg bw and 0.021 mg/kg bw respectively) for 7 days. After stipulated time the fishes were sacrificed and the contents of carbohydrate metabolites were observed in liver, kidney and muscle tissues. It is observed a declining trend in total carbohydrate and pyruvate contents in all selected tissues showing significant differences, in the order of Liver > muscle > kidney. Conversely, there was an increasing trend in lactic acid content, with the order of muscle > liver > kidney. Importantly, these changes were more pronounced in the combined treatment compared to individual exposures, suggesting a potential synergistic effect of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos.