Determining the Physical Mechanism of the Effects of Metal Nanoparticles on Biological Systems

The purpose of the work is to demonstrate that a physical mechanism can be responsible for the characteristics of the non-electromagnetic effects of nanoparticles on biological systems. Nanoparticles are particularly appealing for a variety of biomedical applications, owing to their high surface-to-volume ratio, capacity to interact with molecular or cellular processes, and ability to alter their functions. Some characteristics of the (non-electrostatic) effects of metal nanoparticles on biological systems are analyzed, including the non-monotonic size-effect dependence, the dependence on nanoparticle form, and the adhesion of particular metal nanoparticles to particular cells. It's established that these features of the effects of nanoparticles on biological systems are analogous to the features of the interaction of spin structures in superfluid through spin supercurrents. This method makes it possible to decide which metal would have the most impact on a specific biological system, which helps to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic applications of nanoparticles.