Perspectives on the Future: Research and Innovation in Giant Magnetoresistance Material

This monograph book series was written in the context of compiling and disseminating a series of research activities related to Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) materials and advanced technology used to synthesize, characterize and modify the properties of these materials. The perspective of this compilation research is to describe how GMR properties can appear in various types of materials, shapes, and scales, both bulk, micrometer, and nanometer. This monograph consists of five parts. The first chapter is the introduction, here is presented the history of the discovery of the Magnetoresistance (MR) phenomenon in ferrous and nickel surface metal by Lord Kelvin in 1857 until the discovery of GMR in multilayer thin film at the nanoscale by Albert Fert and Peter Grunberg which won them the 2007 Nobel Prize in Physics. The second chapter explains the research perspective in GMR materials, particularly multilayer thin films and non-multilayers thin films, GMR in granular solids, GMR in Rare Earth Metal alloys, GMR in metal/polymer composite materials, and extra Large GMR materials. It also mentions the role of GMR Nitrogen Vacancies (NV)-Diamond as a Quantum Qubit in the future Quantum Computer system. The third chapter discusses the role of advanced technology used by our team for the research and development of GMR materials in various types and forms. The fourth chapter also provides several examples of the application of GMR properties in various fields, such as health, nuclear reactor inspection, pipe corrosion, current-voltage regulation in Battery Management System (BMS) systems, and utilization in security systems for weapon detection. The fifth chapter summarizes this monograph, concluding that the critical role of research and innovation in GMR materials is mainly in the Internet of Thing_IoT and Informatics era. Particularly for Indonesia, with its abundant natural resources, the technical mastery of functional materials, especially GMR materials, should be carried out more intensively and in a structured manner, supported by advanced technological facilities and abundant young research talent resources.