CYP2C19 Genetic Polymorphism of Cytochrome p450 Enzyme in Iranian Fars Ethnic Group

Aim: There are differences in the frequency of CYP2C19 mutant alleles among different ethnic group. The aim of present study was to estimate the distribution of CYP2C19 allele and genotypic variants in Iranian Fars ethnic group and compare it with other populations.
Study Design: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technique was used to determine Genotyping of CYP2C19 alleles.

Place and Duration of Study: Biochemistry and Biophysics, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, between September 2012 and August 2013.
Methodology: To determine the genotype and allelic frequency of CYP2C19, 140 unrelated healthy Fars origin people who were referred to Health Center, were included this study.
Results: The allele frequency of CYP2C19*1, CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were 77.8%, 19.2% and 2.8%, respectively. 75% of subjects were with CYP2C19*1/*1 genotype. 22.1%, 1.4%, 1.4%, 0% and 0% subjects were with CYP2C19*1/*2, CYP2C19*1/*3, CYP2C19*2/*2, CYP2C19*2/*3 and CYP2C19*3/*3 genotypes, respectively. Poor metabolizer, intermediate metabolizer and extensive metabolizers genotype frequencies were seen in 75%, 23.5% and 1.4% of subjects, respectively.
Conclusion: Ethnic differences in CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism of cytochrome p450 enzyme may cause variation in drug response, activity or detoxification. This study suggests the further study of this polymorphic enzyme in Fars population to determine the clinical significance and optimal dosage of some drugs in this ethnic group.