Congenital Hypothyroidism in Neonates of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: To determine neonatal congenital hypothyroidism among neonates born in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore Pakistan.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Pathology Department of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore in collaboration with Pediatrics and Gynecology & Obstetrics Department, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore Pakistan. A total of 770 babies were included in this study, both male and female. About 2 ml venous blood samples were collected aseptically from the neonates in sterile clotted tube. Serum was separated and serum TSH was determined by ELISA method.

Results: Out of total 770 neonates, 48.9% were female and 51.0% were males with the ratio of 1:1.04. Neonatal congenital hypothyroidisim (TSH, >30 mIU/L), was observed in 0.4% (Frequency, 1:257) nenates, with the incidence rate of 1:257. Female to male ratio of hypothyroid neonates was 2:1. The mode of delivery vise distribution showed, among n=251 neonates born by normal delivery, only a single case of hypothyroidism was detected, and among n=519 neonates delivered by cesarean section, only two neonates were belong to hypothyroidism.

Conclusion: The frequency of Congenital Hypothyroidism is notably higher in pediatric community than reported in most other countries. This result emphasizes the necessity of a nationwide screening program.