Institutional Analysis of the Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility of the Neonatal Sepsis in Eastern Nepal

Introduction: In the developing nations, neonatal sepsis account for the larger portion of the neonatal morbidity and mortality. Blood culture is considered as the gold standard for the diagnosis. Both, the conformation and management is difficult for clinicians in the resource limited nations like Nepal.

Method: It is a retrospective observational study conducted at one of the tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal over a year.

Result: Incidence of neonatal sepsis was 12.9%. The incidence of blood culture positivity in the neonatal sepsis was 15%. Coagulase negative Staphylococcus species and Escherichia coli were two most predominant organism isolated. All of the isolated Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spss.showed resistance to ampicillin whereas 100% of Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus spp. showed sensitivity to vancomycin.

Conclusion: Isolated bacteria showed resistance to multiple antibiotics. This is an alarming moment for the pediatrician. Antibiotics should be used judiciously and continuous surveillance should be done to monitor the changing epidemiology of organisms and antibiotic sensitivity as the emergence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics is high.