Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 protects animals from lethal SARS-CoV challenge

Muruato, Antonio and Vu, Michelle N. and Johnson, Bryan A. and Davis-Gardner, Meredith E. and Vanderheiden, Abigail and Lokugamage, Kumari and Schindewolf, Craig and Crocquet-Valdes, Patricia A. and Langsjoen, Rose M. and Plante, Jessica A. and Plante, Kenneth S. and Weaver, Scott C. and Debbink, Kari and Routh, Andrew L. and Walker, David and Suthar, Mehul S. and Shi, Pei-Yong and Xie, Xuping and Menachery, Vineet D. and Cadwell, Ken (2021) Mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 protects animals from lethal SARS-CoV challenge. PLOS Biology, 19 (11). e3001284. ISSN 1545-7885

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Abstract

The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in a pandemic causing significant damage to public health and the economy. Efforts to understand the mechanisms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been hampered by the lack of robust mouse models. To overcome this barrier, we used a reverse genetic system to generate a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV-2. Incorporating key mutations found in SARS-CoV-2 variants, this model recapitulates critical elements of human infection including viral replication in the lung, immune cell infiltration, and significant in vivo disease. Importantly, mouse adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 does not impair replication in human airway cells and maintains antigenicity similar to human SARS-CoV-2 strains. Coupled with the incorporation of mutations found in variants of concern, CMA3p20 offers several advantages over other mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strains. Using this model, we demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2–infected mice are protected from lethal challenge with the original Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV), suggesting immunity from heterologous Coronavirus (CoV) strains. Together, the results highlight the use of this mouse model for further study of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Impact Archive > Biological Science
Depositing User: Managing Editor
Date Deposited: 03 Mar 2023 05:52
Last Modified: 08 Jun 2024 07:26
URI: http://research.sdpublishers.net/id/eprint/1197

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